种植日历
马来西亚低地热带气候下,每个月适合播种什么。
马来西亚没有霜冻,也没有冷季,所以大多数蔬菜一年四季都能播种。真正影响收成的是雨水、高温和虫害。东北季风(约11月至3月)带来持续的大雨,东海岸的吉兰丹、登嘉楼和彭亨尤其明显;西海岸则在季风转换期(4–5月和10–11月)常有午后雷雨。西南季风(约5月至9月)期间,西海岸通常比较干。
怎么看这张表:圆点表示该月适合在露天播种,也比较容易成功。叶菜全年都标上了。番茄、辣椒、黄瓜等结果类作物在最湿的月份没有标记,因为连绵大雨容易导致裂果、烂果和叶病——如果有雨棚或屋檐遮挡,这些月份照样可以种。住在东海岸的话,11月到1月要更谨慎一些。
小贴士:与其一次播一大批,不如每隔2–3周播一小批。这样收成更稳定,遇上一段坏天气也不会全军覆没。
本月适合播种 — 11月
蕹菜(空心菜)21–30 天全年可种,喜水耐热,剪了会再长。
苋菜25–35 天全年可种,非常耐热。种子细小,要撒稀一点。
菜心30–40 天全年可种。用防虫网挡跳甲和菜青虫。
小白菜30–45 天全年可种。热月午后遮阴,口感更甜。
生菜35–45 天有遮阴全年可种,太热易抽薹。很适合免电水培。
芫荽(香菜)35–45 天全年可种,但天热很快开花。少量多次播种。
九层塔40–50 天全日照下全年可种。勤摘心、摘花,叶子更多。
青葱40–60 天全年可种。把买来的青葱根部种回去会更快。
芥菜35–45 天全年可种,长得快。趁嫩采收,苦味较淡。
芥兰45–60 天全年可种。比菜心慢一些,用防虫网防菜青虫。
番薯叶30–40 天用茎段扦插,不用种子。非常好种又耐热。
香茅90–120 天用带根的茎种植,不用种子。全日照,一丛可长好几年。
| 1月 | 2月 | 3月 | 4月 | 5月 | 6月 | 7月 | 8月 | 9月 | 10月 | 11月 | 12月 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 蕹菜(空心菜) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 苋菜 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 菜心 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 小白菜 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 生菜 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 芫荽(香菜) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 九层塔 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 指天椒 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| 樱桃番茄 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| 羊角豆(秋葵) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
| 长豆 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
| 黄瓜 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
| 茄子 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
| 可食用花卉 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
| 青葱 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 芥菜 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 芥兰 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 番薯叶 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 苦瓜 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
| 香茅 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |